Mucoadhesion is a field which well-liked in the design of drug delivery systems. Mucoadhesive drug delivery system enhance the residence time of the dosage form at the site of application or absorption and make possible a close contact of the dosage form with the mucosal surface and improved therapeutic performance of the drug. Now several mucoadhesive drug delivery systems have been developed for oral, nasal, buccal, rectal and vaginal routes for systemic and local effects. Within the buccal mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. From the various routes of drug delivery system, the oral route is often preferred by the patient. On the other hand, peroral administration of drugs having a some disadvantages like hepatic first-pass metabolism and enzymatic degradation within the gastrointestinal tract which constitutes a difficulty to oral administration of certain classes of drugs, particularly peptides and proteins.In this paper, mechanism of mucoadhesion, factors affecting mucoadhesion, anatomy of gastrointestinal tract, permeation enhancers and evaluation methods have been carried out.
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